//============================智宇科技=========================== // 智能小车黑线循迹实验 //=============================================================== //#include int Left_motor_go=8; //左电机前进(IN1) int Left_motor_back=9; //左电机后退(IN2) int Right_motor_go=10; // 右电机前进(IN3) int Right_motor_back=11; // 右电机后退(IN4) int key=A2;//定义按键 数字A2 接口 int beep=A3;//定义蜂鸣器 数字A3 接口 const int SensorRight = 3; //右循迹红外传感器(P3.2 OUT1) const int SensorLeft = 4; //左循迹红外传感器(P3.3 OUT2) int SL; //左循迹红外传感器状态 int SR; //右循迹红外传感器状态 void setup() { //初始化电机驱动IO为输出方式 pinMode(Left_motor_go,OUTPUT); // PIN 8 (PWM) pinMode(Left_motor_back,OUTPUT); // PIN 9 (PWM) pinMode(Right_motor_go,OUTPUT);// PIN 10 (PWM) pinMode(Right_motor_back,OUTPUT);// PIN 11 (PWM) pinMode(key,INPUT);//定义按键接口为输入接口 pinMode(beep,OUTPUT); pinMode(SensorRight, INPUT); //定义右循迹红外传感器为输入 pinMode(SensorLeft, INPUT); //定义左循迹红外传感器为输入 } //=======================智能小车的基本动作========================= //void run(int time) // 前进 void run() { digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,HIGH); // 右电机前进 digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW); analogWrite(Right_motor_go,60);//PWM比例0~255调速,左右轮差异略增减 analogWrite(Right_motor_back,0); digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW); // 左电机前进 digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,HIGH); analogWrite(Left_motor_go,0);//PWM比例0~255调速,左右轮差异略增减 analogWrite(Left_motor_back,60); //delay(time * 100); //执行时间,可以调整 } //void brake(int time) //刹车,停车 void brake() { digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,LOW); digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW); digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW); digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,LOW); //delay(time * 100);//执行时间,可以调整 } //void left(int time) //左转(左轮不动,右轮前进) void left() { digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,HIGH); // 右电机前进 digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW); analogWrite(Right_motor_go,60); analogWrite(Right_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速 digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW); //左轮后退 digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,LOW); analogWrite(Left_motor_go,0); analogWrite(Left_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速 //delay(time * 100); //执行时间,可以调整 } void spin_left() //左转(左轮后退,右轮前进) { digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,HIGH); // 右电机前进 digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW); analogWrite(Right_motor_go,60); analogWrite(Right_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速 digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,HIGH); //左轮后退 digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,LOW); analogWrite(Left_motor_go,30); analogWrite(Left_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速 //delay(time * 100); //执行时间,可以调整 } //void right(int time) //右转(右轮不动,左轮前进) void right() { digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,LOW); //右电机后退 digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,LOW); analogWrite(Right_motor_go,0); analogWrite(Right_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速 digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW);//左电机前进 digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,HIGH); analogWrite(Left_motor_go,0); analogWrite(Left_motor_back,60);//PWM比例0~255调速 //delay(time * 100); //执行时间,可以调整 } void spin_right() //右转(右轮后退,左轮前进) { digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,LOW); //右电机后退 digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,HIGH); analogWrite(Right_motor_go,0); analogWrite(Right_motor_back,30);//PWM比例0~255调速 digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,LOW);//左电机前进 digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,HIGH); analogWrite(Left_motor_go,0); analogWrite(Left_motor_back,60);//PWM比例0~255调速 //delay(time * 100); //执行时间,可以调整 } //void back(int time) //后退 void back(int time) { digitalWrite(Right_motor_go,LOW); //右轮后退 digitalWrite(Right_motor_back,HIGH); analogWrite(Right_motor_go,0); analogWrite(Right_motor_back,60);//PWM比例0~255调速 digitalWrite(Left_motor_go,HIGH); //左轮后退 digitalWrite(Left_motor_back,LOW); analogWrite(Left_motor_go,60); analogWrite(Left_motor_back,0);//PWM比例0~255调速 delay(time * 100); //执行时间,可以调整 } //========================================================== void keysacn()//按键扫描 { int val; val=digitalRead(key);//读取数字7 口电平值赋给val while(!digitalRead(key))//当按键没被按下时,一直循环 { val=digitalRead(key);//此句可省略,可让循环跑空 } while(digitalRead(key))//当按键被按下时 { delay(10); //延时10ms val=digitalRead(key);//读取数字7 口电平值赋给val if(val==HIGH) //第二次判断按键是否被按下 { digitalWrite(beep,HIGH); //蜂鸣器响 while(!digitalRead(key)) //判断按键是否被松开 digitalWrite(beep,LOW); //蜂鸣器停止 } else digitalWrite(beep,LOW);//蜂鸣器停止 } } void loop() { keysacn();//调用按键扫描函数 while(1) { //有信号为LOW 没有信号为HIGH 检测到黑线 输出高 检测到白色区域输出低 SR = digitalRead(SensorRight);//有信号表明在白色区域,车子底板上L1亮;没信号表明压在黑线上,车子底板上L1灭 SL = digitalRead(SensorLeft);//有信号表明在白色区域,车子底板上L2亮;没信号表明压在黑线上,车子底板上L2灭 if (SL == LOW&&SR==LOW) run(); //调用前进函数 else if (SL == HIGH & SR == LOW)// 左循迹红外传感器,检测到信号,车子向右偏离轨道,向左转 spin_left(); else if (SR == HIGH & SL == LOW) // 右循迹红外传感器,检测到信号,车子向左偏离轨道,向右转 spin_right(); else // 都是黑色, 停止 brake(); } }